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Lung-Qi Deficiency
Clinical Manifestations
Slight shortness of breath, slight cough, weak voice, spontaneous daytime sweating, dislike of speaking, bright-pale complexion, propensity to catching colds, tiredness, dislike of cold.
Tongue: Pale.
Pulse: Empty, particularly in the right Front position.
Principle of treatment: tonify Lung Qi, warm Yang.
Lung-Yin Deficiency
Clinical Manifestations
Cough which is dry or with scanty sticky sputum, weak and/or hoarse voice, dry mouth and throat, tickly throat, tiredness, dislike of speaking, thin body or chest, night sweating.
Tongue: Normal color, dry without coating or rootless coating in front.
Pulse: Floating-Empty and Rapid.
Key symptoms: dry cough, weak-hoarse voice, dry throat, night sweating.
*if Empty-Heat: afternoon fever, feeling of heat in the evening, 5-palm heat, malar flush.
Tongue: Red without coating.
Pulse: Floating-Empty and Rapid.
Principle: tonify Lung-Yin, nourish Fluids, clear Empty-Heat.
Lung Dryness
Clinical manifestations
Dry cough, dry skin, dry throat, dry mouth, thirst, hoarse voice.
Tongue: dry.
Pulse: Empty, especially on the Right-Front position.
Principle of treatment: moisten the Lungs, nourish fluids.
Invasion of Lungs By Wind-cold
Clinical Manifestations
Aversion to cold, fever, cough, itchy throat, slight breathlessness, blocked or runny nose with clear- watery discharge, sneezing, occipital headache, body aches.
Tongue: thin-white coating.
Pulse: Floating-tight.
Principle: release the Exterior, expel Cold, stimulate the Lung descending and dispersing function.
Invasion of Lungs By Wind-heat
Clinical Manifestations
Cough, fever, aversion to cold, cough, sore throat, blocked or runny nose with yellow discharge, sneezing, headache, body aches, slight sweating, slight thirst, swollen tonsils.
Tongue: slightly Red on the sides or tip, possibly thin white or yellow coating. Pulse: Floating-Rapid.
Principle of treatment: release the Exterior, clear Heat, stimulate the Lung descending and dispersing functions.
Invasion of Lungs By Wind-Water
Clinical Manifestations
Sudden swelling of eyes and face, gradually spreading to the whole body, bright-shiny complexion, scanty and pale urination, aversion to Wind, fever, cough, slight breathlessness.
Tongue: White-sticky coating. Pulse: Floating-Slippery.
Principle: release the Exterior, expel Cold, resolve Damp, restore descending of Lung Qi, open the Water passages.
Lung Heat
Clinical Manifestations
Cough, slight breathlessness, feeling of heat, chest ache, flaring of nostrils, thirst, red face. Tongue: Red with yellow coating.
Pulse: Overflowing-Rapid.
Principle: Clear Heat, restore descending of Lung Qi.
Damp-Phlegm in the Lungs
Clinical Manifestations
Chronic cough coming in bouts, profuse white sticky sputum which is easy to expectorate, white-pasty complexion, phlegm in the throat, feeling of oppression of the chest, shortness of breath, dislike of lying down, wheezing, nausea, feeling of heaviness, dizziness and heaviness of the head.
Tongue: Swollen with sticky white coating.
Pulse: Slippery or Soggy.
Principle: resolve Phlegm, restore descending of Lung Qi.
Cold-Phlegm in the Lungs
Clinical Manifestations
Cough with expectoration of white-watery sputum, aggravated by exposure to cold, cold feeling, cold hands, phlegm in the throat, dizziness, feeling of oppression and/or cold in the chest, feeling of heaviness, heaviness in the head.
Tongue: Swollen, wet with sticky white coating.
Pulse: Slippery-Slow.
Principle of treatment: resolve Phlegm, expel Cold, warm Yang, restore the descending of Lung Qi.
Phlegm-Heat in the Lungs
Clinical Manifestations
Barking cough, profuse sticky yellow or green sputum, shortness of breath, wheezing, feeling of oppression of the chest, phlegm in the throat, feeling of heat, thirst, insomnia, agitation, dizziness and heaviness of the head.
Tongue: Red, swollen, thick-sticky yellow coating. Pulse: Slippery-Rapid-Full.
Principle: resolve Phlegm, clear Heat, descend Lung Qi.
Dry-Phlegm in the Lungs
Clinical Manifestations
Dry cough with occasonal expectoration of scanty sputum, shortness of breath, feeling of oppression of the chest, scanty phlegm in the throat, heaviness in the head, dizzines, dry throat, wheezing, pasty-dry complexion.
Tongue: swollen with dry-sticky coating.
Pulse: Fine-Slippery.
Principle: resolve Phlegm, nourish Lung-Yin, nourish fluids, descend Lung Qi.
Phlegm-Fluids Obstructing the Lungs
Clinical Manifestations
Cough with expectoration of of white-watery sputum, breathlessness, splashing sounds in the chest, vomiting of white-watery-frothy sputum, feeling of oppression of the chest, dizziness and heaviness of the head, cough which may be elicited by a scare.
Tongue: Pale body, thick-sticky white coating.
Pulse: Fine and Slippery or Weak-Floating.
Principle: resolve Phlegm, tonify Spleen- and Lung-Qi.
Kidney-Yang Deficiency
Clinical manifestations
Lower backache, cold weak knees, sensation of cold in the back, feeling of cold, weak legs, bright-white complexion, tiredness, lassitude, impotence, premature ejaculation, decreased libido, abundant-clear urination, night urination, apathy, edema of the legs, infertility in women, poor appetite, loose stools.
Tongue: Pale, Wet.
Pulse: Deep-Weak.
Principle: tonify and warm the Kidneys, strengthen the Fire of the Gate of Vitality.
Kidney-Yin Deficiency
Clinical manifestations
Dizziness, tinnitus, vertigo, poor memory, deafness, night sweating, dry mouth / throat at night, 5-palm heat, thirst, lower backache, ache in bones, nocturnal emissions, constipation, dark-scanty urine, infertility, premature ejaculation, anxiety.
Tongue: Normal or Red with no coating, cracks. Pulse: Floating-Empty and Rapid
Principle: nourish Kidney-Yin.
Kidney-Qi Not Firm
Clinical manifestations
Soreness and weakness of the back, weak knees, clear frequent urination, weak-stream urination, abundant urination, dribbling after urination, incontinence of urine, enuresis, urination at night, nocturnal emissions without dreams, premature ejaculation, spermatorrhoea, in women prolapse of uterus, chronic vaginal discharge, recurrent miscarriage.
Tongue: Pale.
Pulse: Deep-Weak especially in the Rear positions. Principle: reinforce and stabilize Kidney-Qi.
Kidneys Failing To Receive Qi
Clinical manifestations
Shortness of breath on exertion, rapid and weak breathing, difficulty in inhaling, cough, asthma, sweating, cold limbs, cold limbs after sweating, swelling of the face, thin body, mental listlessness, clear urination during asthma attack, soreness of the back.
Tongue: Pale.
Pulse: Weak, Tight, Deep.
Principle: tonify and warm the Kidneys, stimulate the Kidney reception of Qi, stimulate the Lung descending function.
Kidney-Essence Deficiency
Clinical manifestations
In children: poor bone development, late closure of fontanelle, developmental delays
In adults: softening of bones, weakness of knees and legs, poor memory, loose teeth, falling hair or premature greying of hair, weakness of sexual activity, lower backache, infertility (M/F), dizziness, tinnitus, dull mental function.
Tongue: Pale (Yang xu) or no coating (Yin xu). Pulse: Floating-Empty or Leather.
Principle: nourish the Essence.
Kidney-Yang Deficient, Water Overflowing
Clinical manifestations
Edema especially of legs and ankles, cold feeling in legs and back, fullness and distension of abdomen, soreness of lower back, feeling cold, scanty-clear urination.
1. Water overflowing to the Heart: the above symptoms plus palpitations, breathlessness, cold hands.
2. Water overflowing to the Lungs: the above symptoms plus thin-watery-frothy sputum, cough, asthma and breathlessness on exertion.
Tongue: Pale, Swollen, wet with white coating.
Pulse: Deep-Weak-Slow.
Key symptoms: edema of ankles, Deep-Weak pulse, Pale-Swollen tongue.
a. Water overflowing to the Heart: plus palpitations.
b. Water overflowing to the Lungs: plus thin-watery-frothy sputum.
Principle: tonify and warm the Kidneys, transform Water, warm and tonify Spleen-Yang. In case of Water overflowing to Heart or Lungs, warm and tonify Heart-Yang or Lung-Qi respectively.
Kidney-Yin Deficient, Empty-Fire Blazing
Clinical manifestations
Malar flush, mental restlessness, night-sweating, low-grade fever, afternoon fever, feeling of heat in the afternoon/evening, insomnia, scanty-dark urine, blood in the urine, dry throat especially at night, thirst with desire to drink in small sips, lower backache, deafness, tinnitus, nocturnal emissions with dreams, excessive sexual desire, dry stools.
Tongue: Red-Peeled, cracked, red tip. Pulse: Floating-Empty, Rapid.
Key symptoms: malar flush, mental restlessness, dry throat at night, feeling of heat in the afternoon, Red-Peeled tongue.
Principle: nourish Kidney-Yin, clear Empty-Fire, calm Mind.
Damp-heat in the Bladder
Clinical manifestations
Frequent and urgent urination, burning on urination, difficult urination (stopping in the middle of flow), dark-yellow and/or turbid urine, blood in the urine, sand in the urine, fever, thirst with no desire to drink, hypogastric fullness and pain, feeling of heat.
Tongue: Red, thick-sticky yellow coating on the root with red spots.
Pulse: Rapid, Slippery, slightly Wiry on left Rear position.
Principle: resolve Dampness, clear Heat, open the Water passages of the Lower Burner.
Damp-Cold in the Bladder
Clinical manifestations
Frequent and urgent urination, difficult urination (stopping in mid-stream), feeling of heaviness in hypogastrium and urethra, pale and turbid urine.
Tongue: white sticky coating on root.
Pulse: Slippery-Slow and slightly Wiry on Left-Rear position.
Principle of treatment: resolve Dampness, expel Cold, and remove obstruction from the Lower Burner's Water passages.
Bladder Deficient and Cold
Clinical manifestations
Frequent-pale-abundant urination, incontinence, enuresis, lower backache, dizziness, nocturia, white urethral discharge, feeling of cold.
Tongue: Pale, wet.
Pulse: Weak, Deep.
Principle: tonify and warm Bladder and Kidney-Yang.
Rebellious Liver-Qi invading the Spleen
Clinical manifestations
Irritability, abdominal distension and pain, alternation of constipation and diarrhea, stools sometimes dry and bitty (small pieces) and sometimes loose, flatulence, tiredness.
Tongue: normal-colored or slightly Red on the sides.
Pulse: Wiry on the left and Weak on the right.
Principle of treatment: subdue rebellious Qi, tonify the Spleen.
Rebellious Liver-Qi invading the Stomach
Clinical manifestations
Irritability, epigastric and hypochondrial distension and pain, a feeling of oppression in the epigastrium, sour regurgitation, hiccups, belching, nausea, vomiting, sighing, weak limbs.
Tongue: normal-colored or slightly Red on the sides.
Pulse: Wiry on the left and Weak on the right or Wiry on both Middle positions. Principle: subdue rebellious Liver-Qi, tonify the Stomach.
Liver-fire Insulting the Lungs
Clinical manifestations: Breathlessness, asthma, fullness and stuffiness of the chest and hypochondrium, cough, yellow or blood-tinged sputum, headache, dizziness, red face, thirst, bitter taste, bloodshot eyes, scanty-dark urine, constipation.
Tongue: Red, redder on the sides, swollen in the front part, yellow coating.
Pulse: Wiry.
Principle: clear the Liver, drain Fire, subdue Liver-Qi, stimulate the descending of Lung-Qi.
Heart and Liver Blood Deficiency
Clinical manifestations: Palpitations, dizziness, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, poor memory, anxiety, propensity to be startled, dull-pale complexion, pale lips, blurred vision, "floaters" in eyes, diminished night vision, numbness or tingling of limbs, scanty menstruation or amenorrhea, cramps, muscular weakness, dry hair and skin, depression, feeling of aimlessness. withered and brittle nails.
Tongue: Pale, Thin, slightly dry.
Pulse: Choppy or Fine.
Principle of treatment: tonify Liver and Heart, nourish Blood, calm the Mind, settle the Ethereal soul
Spleen- and Heart-blood Deficiency
Clinical manifestations
Palpitations, dizziness, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, poor memory, anxiety, propensity to be startled, dull-pale complexion, pale lips, tiredness, weak muscles, loose stools, poor appetite, scanty menstruation.
Tongue: Pale, Thin, slightly dry.
Pulse: Choppy or Fine.
Principle: nourish Blood, tonify Heart & Spleen, calm Mind.
Spleen and Lung Qi Deficiency
Clinical manifestations
Poor appetite, slight abdominal distension after eating, tiredness, lassitude, pale complexion, weakness of the limbs, loose stools, depression, tendency to obesity, slight shortness of breath, propensity to catching colds, slight coughing, weak voice, dislike of speaking, spontaneous daytime sweating, propensity to catch colds, dislike of cold.
Tongue: Pale.
Pulse: Empty, especially on the right side. Principle: tonify Lung and Spleen Qi.
Spleen- and Liver-Blood Deficiency Clinical manifestations
Poor appetite, slight abdominal distension after eating, tiredness, lassitude, dull-pale complexion, weakness of the limbs, loose stools, thin body, scanty periods or amenorrhea, insomnia, dizziness, numbness of limbs, blurred vision, ‘floaters’ in eyes, diminished night vision, pale lips, muscular weakness, cramps, withered and brittle nails, dry hair and skin, slight depression, a feeling of aimlessness.
Tongue: Pale body especially on the sides, which, in extreme cases, can assume an orange color, and dry.
Pulse: Choppy or Fine.
Principle of treatment: tonify Spleen-Qi, nourish Liver-Blood.
Obstruction of Spleen by Dampness with Stagnation of Liver-Qi
Clinical manifestations
Oppression and fullness of the epigastrium, nausea, no appetite, loose stools, feeling of heaviness, dry mouth without desire to drink, sallow complexion, hypochondriac pain or distension, bitter taste, irritability.
Tongue: thick-sticky-yellow coating.
Pulse: Slippery and Wiry.
Principle: resolve Dampness, promote the smooth flow of Liver-Qi, clear Heat.
Lung- and Heart-Qi Deficiency
Clinical manifestations
Slight shortness of breath, slight coughing, weak voice, daytime sweating, dislike of speaking, bright- white complexion, propensity to catching colds, tiredness, palpitations, depression, spontaneous sweating, sighing.
Tongue: Pale.
Pulse: Empty, particularly in both Front positions.
Principle: tonify Qi, strengthen Lung & Heart, calm the Mind.
Kidney- and Liver-yin Deficiency
Clinical manifestations
Dizziness, tinnitus, deafness, dull occipital or vertical headache, insomnia, numbness of limbs, malar flush, dry eyes, blurred vision, lower backache, dry throat, dry hair and skin, vaginal dryness, night sweating, dry stools, nocturnal emissions, scanty menstruation or amenorrhea, delayed cycle, infertility.
Tongue: Normal or Red with rootless or no coating. Pulse: Floating-Empty (or Choppy).
Principle: nourish Liver and Kidney Yin.
Kidney and Heart Not Harmonized
Clinical manifestations
Palpitations, mental restlessness, insomnia, dream-disturbed sleep, anxiety, poor memory, dizziness, tinnitus, deafness, lower backache, nocturnal emissions with dreams, fever or feeling of heat in the evening, night sweating, 5-heart heat, scanty-dark urine.
Tongue: Red-Peeled, tip redder, midline crack reaching tip.
Pulse: Floating-Empty, Rapid or Deep weak rear with front Overflowing. Principle: nourish Kidney and Heart Yin, clear Empty-Heat.
Kidney- and Lung-yin Deficiency
Clinical manifestations
Dry cough which is worse in the evening, dry throat and mouth, thin body, breathlessness on exertion, lower backache, night sweating, dizziness, tinnitus, hardness of hearing, scanty urination.Tongue: Normal or Red with rootless or no coating.
Pulse: Floating-Empty, possibly rapid.
Principle: nourish Lung and Kidney Yin, increase body fluids.
Kidney- and Spleen-yang Deficiency
Clinical manifestations
Lower backache, cold and weak knees, sensation of cold in the back, feeling cold, weak legs, bright- white complexion, impotence, premature ejaculation, low sperm count, cold and thin sperm, decreased libido, tiredness, lassitude, abundant clear urination, scanty clear urination, urination at night, apathy, oedema of the legs, infertility in women, loose stools, depression, poor appetite, slight abdominal distension, desire to lie down, early morning diarrhoea, chronic diarrhea.
Tongue: Pale, wet.
Pulse: Deep, Weak.
Principle: tonify and warm Spleen and Kidney-Yang.
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